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# Copyright 2026 The LG AI Research and HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import itertools
from collections.abc import Callable
from typing import Any

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch import nn

from ... import initialization as init
from ...activations import ACT2FN
from ...cache_utils import Cache
from ...generation import GenerationMixin
from ...integrations import use_kernel_forward_from_hub, use_kernel_func_from_hub
from ...modeling_layers import GradientCheckpointingLayer
from ...modeling_outputs import BaseModelOutputWithPast, BaseModelOutputWithPooling, CausalLMOutputWithPast
from ...modeling_utils import ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS, PreTrainedModel
from ...processing_utils import Unpack
from ...utils import TransformersKwargs, auto_docstring, can_return_tuple, torch_compilable_check
from ...utils.generic import is_flash_attention_requested, merge_with_config_defaults
from ...utils.output_capturing import capture_outputs
from ..auto import AutoModel
from .configuration_exaone4_5 import Exaone4_5_Config, Exaone4_5_VisionConfig


class Exaone4_5_PatchEmbed(nn.Module):
    def __init__(
        self,
        patch_size: int | list[int] | tuple[int, int] = 14,
        temporal_patch_size: int | list[int] | tuple[int, int] = 2,
        in_channels: int = 3,
        embed_dim: int = 1152,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self.patch_size = patch_size
        self.temporal_patch_size = temporal_patch_size
        self.in_channels = in_channels
        self.embed_dim = embed_dim

        kernel_size = [temporal_patch_size, patch_size, patch_size]
        self.proj = nn.Conv3d(in_channels, embed_dim, kernel_size=kernel_size, stride=kernel_size, bias=False)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        target_dtype = self.proj.weight.dtype
        hidden_states = hidden_states.view(
            -1, self.in_channels, self.temporal_patch_size, self.patch_size, self.patch_size
        )
        hidden_states = self.proj(hidden_states.to(dtype=target_dtype)).view(-1, self.embed_dim)
        return hidden_states


class Exaone4_5_VisionRotaryEmbedding(nn.Module):
    inv_freq: torch.Tensor  # fix linting for `register_buffer`

    def __init__(self, dim: int, theta: float = 10000.0) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self.dim = dim
        self.theta = theta
        inv_freq = 1.0 / (theta ** (torch.arange(0, dim, 2, dtype=torch.float) / dim))
        self.register_buffer("inv_freq", inv_freq, persistent=False)

    def forward(self, seqlen: int) -> torch.Tensor:
        seq = torch.arange(seqlen, device=self.inv_freq.device, dtype=self.inv_freq.dtype)
        freqs = torch.outer(seq, self.inv_freq)
        return freqs


@use_kernel_forward_from_hub("RMSNorm")
class Exaone4_5_RMSNorm(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, hidden_size, eps: float = 1e-6) -> None:
        """
        Exaone4_5_RMSNorm is equivalent to T5LayerNorm
        """
        super().__init__()
        self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(hidden_size))
        self.variance_epsilon = eps

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        input_dtype = hidden_states.dtype
        hidden_states = hidden_states.to(torch.float32)
        variance = hidden_states.pow(2).mean(-1, keepdim=True)
        hidden_states = hidden_states * torch.rsqrt(variance + self.variance_epsilon)
        return self.weight * hidden_states.to(input_dtype)

    def extra_repr(self):
        return f"{tuple(self.weight.shape)}, eps={self.variance_epsilon}"


class Exaone4_5_PatchMerger(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, dim: int, context_dim: int, spatial_merge_size: int = 2) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self.hidden_size = context_dim * (spatial_merge_size**2)
        self.ln_q = Exaone4_5_RMSNorm(context_dim, eps=1e-6)
        self.mlp = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.hidden_size),
            nn.GELU(),
            nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, dim),
        )

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        x = self.mlp(self.ln_q(x).view(-1, self.hidden_size))
        return x


def rotate_half(x):
    """Rotates half the hidden dims of the input."""
    x1 = x[..., : x.shape[-1] // 2]
    x2 = x[..., x.shape[-1] // 2 :]
    return torch.cat((-x2, x1), dim=-1)


def apply_rotary_pos_emb_vision(
    q: torch.Tensor, k: torch.Tensor, cos: torch.Tensor, sin: torch.Tensor
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    orig_q_dtype = q.dtype
    orig_k_dtype = k.dtype
    q, k = q.float(), k.float()
    cos, sin = cos.unsqueeze(-2).float(), sin.unsqueeze(-2).float()
    q_embed = (q * cos) + (rotate_half(q) * sin)
    k_embed = (k * cos) + (rotate_half(k) * sin)
    q_embed = q_embed.to(orig_q_dtype)
    k_embed = k_embed.to(orig_k_dtype)
    return q_embed, k_embed


def repeat_kv(hidden_states: torch.Tensor, n_rep: int) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    This is the equivalent of torch.repeat_interleave(x, dim=1, repeats=n_rep). The hidden states go from (batch,
    num_key_value_heads, seqlen, head_dim) to (batch, num_attention_heads, seqlen, head_dim)
    """
    batch, num_key_value_heads, slen, head_dim = hidden_states.shape
    if n_rep == 1:
        return hidden_states
    hidden_states = hidden_states[:, :, None, :, :].expand(batch, num_key_value_heads, n_rep, slen, head_dim)
    return hidden_states.reshape(batch, num_key_value_heads * n_rep, slen, head_dim)


def eager_attention_forward(
    module: nn.Module,
    query: torch.Tensor,
    key: torch.Tensor,
    value: torch.Tensor,
    attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None,
    scaling: float,
    dropout: float = 0.0,
    **kwargs,
):
    key_states = repeat_kv(key, module.num_key_value_groups)
    value_states = repeat_kv(value, module.num_key_value_groups)

    attn_weights = torch.matmul(query, key_states.transpose(2, 3)) * scaling
    if attention_mask is not None:
        attn_weights = attn_weights + attention_mask

    attn_weights = nn.functional.softmax(attn_weights, dim=-1, dtype=torch.float32).to(query.dtype)
    attn_weights = nn.functional.dropout(attn_weights, p=dropout, training=module.training)
    attn_output = torch.matmul(attn_weights, value_states)
    attn_output = attn_output.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()

    return attn_output, attn_weights


class Exaone4_5_VisionAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Exaone4_5_VisionConfig) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self.num_key_value_heads = config.num_key_value_heads
        self.dim = config.hidden_size
        self.num_heads = config.num_heads
        self.head_dim = self.dim // self.num_heads
        self.num_key_value_groups = self.num_heads // self.num_key_value_heads
        self.proj = nn.Linear(self.dim, self.dim)
        self.scaling = self.head_dim**-0.5
        self.config = config
        self.attention_dropout = 0.0
        self.is_causal = False
        self.q_dim = self.num_heads * self.head_dim
        self.kv_dim = self.num_key_value_heads * self.head_dim
        self.qkv = nn.Linear(self.dim, self.q_dim + (self.kv_dim * 2), bias=True)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        cu_seqlens: torch.Tensor,
        position_embeddings: tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor] | None = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        seq_length = hidden_states.shape[0]
        hidden_shape = (seq_length, -1, self.head_dim)

        query_states, key_states, value_states = self.qkv(hidden_states).split(
            [self.q_dim, self.kv_dim, self.kv_dim], dim=-1
        )

        query_states = query_states.view(hidden_shape)
        key_states = key_states.view(hidden_shape)
        value_states = value_states.view(hidden_shape)

        cos, sin = position_embeddings
        query_states, key_states = apply_rotary_pos_emb_vision(query_states, key_states, cos, sin)

        query_states = query_states.transpose(0, 1).unsqueeze(0)
        key_states = key_states.transpose(0, 1).unsqueeze(0)
        value_states = value_states.transpose(0, 1).unsqueeze(0)

        attention_interface: Callable = ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS.get_interface(
            self.config._attn_implementation, eager_attention_forward
        )

        if is_flash_attention_requested(self.config):
            max_seqlen = (cu_seqlens[1:] - cu_seqlens[:-1]).max()
            attn_output, _ = attention_interface(
                self,
                query_states,
                key_states,
                value_states,
                attention_mask=None,
                scaling=self.scaling,
                dropout=0.0 if not self.training else self.attention_dropout,
                cu_seq_lens_q=cu_seqlens,
                cu_seq_lens_k=cu_seqlens,
                max_length_q=max_seqlen,
                max_length_k=max_seqlen,
                is_causal=False,
                **kwargs,
            )
        else:
            lengths = cu_seqlens[1:] - cu_seqlens[:-1]
            splits = [
                torch.split(tensor, lengths.tolist(), dim=2) for tensor in (query_states, key_states, value_states)
            ]
            attn_outputs = [
                attention_interface(
                    self,
                    q,
                    k,
                    v,
                    attention_mask=None,
                    scaling=self.scaling,
                    dropout=0.0 if not self.training else self.attention_dropout,
                    is_causal=False,
                    **kwargs,
                )[0]
                for q, k, v in zip(*splits)
            ]
            attn_output = torch.cat(attn_outputs, dim=1)

        attn_output = attn_output.reshape(seq_length, -1).contiguous()
        return self.proj(attn_output)


class Exaone4_5_MLP(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config, bias: bool = False):
        super().__init__()
        self.hidden_size = config.hidden_size
        self.intermediate_size = config.intermediate_size
        self.gate_proj = nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.intermediate_size, bias=bias)
        self.up_proj = nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.intermediate_size, bias=bias)
        self.down_proj = nn.Linear(self.intermediate_size, self.hidden_size, bias=bias)
        self.act_fn = ACT2FN[config.hidden_act]

    def forward(self, hidden_state):
        return self.down_proj(self.act_fn(self.gate_proj(hidden_state)) * self.up_proj(hidden_state))


class Exaone4_5_VisionBlock(GradientCheckpointingLayer):
    def __init__(self, config, attn_implementation: str = "sdpa") -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self.norm1 = Exaone4_5_RMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=1e-6)
        self.norm2 = Exaone4_5_RMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=1e-6)
        self.attn = Exaone4_5_VisionAttention(config=config)
        self.mlp = Exaone4_5_MLP(config, bias=True)

    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        cu_seqlens: torch.Tensor,
        rotary_pos_emb: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        position_embeddings: tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor] | None = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        r"""
        cu_seqlens (`torch.Tensor`):
            Cumulative sequence lengths used for packed variable-length attention in Flash Attention kernels.
        rotary_pos_emb (`torch.Tensor`, *optional*):
            Precomputed rotary positional embeddings applied to the vision attention query/key states.
        """
        hidden_states = hidden_states + self.attn(
            self.norm1(hidden_states),
            cu_seqlens=cu_seqlens,
            rotary_pos_emb=rotary_pos_emb,
            position_embeddings=position_embeddings,
            **kwargs,
        )
        hidden_states = hidden_states + self.mlp(self.norm2(hidden_states))
        return hidden_states


@use_kernel_func_from_hub("rotary_pos_emb")
def apply_rotary_pos_emb(q, k, cos, sin, unsqueeze_dim=1):
    """Applies Rotary Position Embedding to the query and key tensors.

    Args:
        q (`torch.Tensor`): The query tensor.
        k (`torch.Tensor`): The key tensor.
        cos (`torch.Tensor`): The cosine part of the rotary embedding.
        sin (`torch.Tensor`): The sine part of the rotary embedding.
        unsqueeze_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
            The 'unsqueeze_dim' argument specifies the dimension along which to unsqueeze cos[position_ids] and
            sin[position_ids] so that they can be properly broadcasted to the dimensions of q and k. For example, note
            that cos[position_ids] and sin[position_ids] have the shape [batch_size, seq_len, head_dim]. Then, if q and
            k have the shape [batch_size, heads, seq_len, head_dim], then setting unsqueeze_dim=1 makes
            cos[position_ids] and sin[position_ids] broadcastable to the shapes of q and k. Similarly, if q and k have
            the shape [batch_size, seq_len, heads, head_dim], then set unsqueeze_dim=2.
    Returns:
        `tuple(torch.Tensor)` comprising of the query and key tensors rotated using the Rotary Position Embedding.
    """
    cos = cos.unsqueeze(unsqueeze_dim)
    sin = sin.unsqueeze(unsqueeze_dim)
    q_embed = (q * cos) + (rotate_half(q) * sin)
    k_embed = (k * cos) + (rotate_half(k) * sin)
    return q_embed, k_embed


class Exaone4_5_Attention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Exaone4_5_Config, layer_idx: int):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.layer_idx = layer_idx
        self.num_attention_heads = config.num_attention_heads
        self.num_key_value_heads = config.num_key_value_heads
        self.hidden_size = config.hidden_size
        self.head_dim = getattr(config, "head_dim", config.hidden_size // config.num_attention_heads)
        self.num_key_value_groups = config.num_attention_heads // config.num_key_value_heads
        self.attention_dropout = config.attention_dropout
        self.is_causal = True
        self.scaling = self.head_dim**-0.5
        self.sliding_window = config.sliding_window
        self.sliding_window_pattern = config.sliding_window_pattern
        layer_type = config.layer_types[layer_idx] if hasattr(config, "layer_types") else None
        self.is_sliding = layer_type == "sliding_attention"

        self.q_proj = nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.num_attention_heads * self.head_dim, bias=False)
        self.k_proj = nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.num_key_value_heads * self.head_dim, bias=False)
        self.v_proj = nn.Linear(self.hidden_size, self.num_key_value_heads * self.head_dim, bias=False)
        self.o_proj = nn.Linear(self.num_attention_heads * self.head_dim, self.hidden_size, bias=False)

        self.q_norm = Exaone4_5_RMSNorm(self.head_dim, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
        self.k_norm = Exaone4_5_RMSNorm(self.head_dim, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        position_embeddings: tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor],
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        past_key_values: Cache | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor | None, tuple[torch.Tensor] | None]:
        input_shape = hidden_states.shape[:-1]
        hidden_shape = (*input_shape, -1, self.head_dim)

        query_states = self.q_proj(hidden_states).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        key_states = self.k_proj(hidden_states).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        value_states = self.v_proj(hidden_states).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)

        # We use QK-norm
        query_states = self.q_norm(query_states)
        key_states = self.k_norm(key_states)

        cos, sin = position_embeddings
        # We use global NoPE for hybrid attention model
        if self.sliding_window is None or self.is_sliding:
            query_states, key_states = apply_rotary_pos_emb(query_states, key_states, cos, sin)

        if past_key_values is not None:
            key_states, value_states = past_key_values.update(key_states, value_states, self.layer_idx)

        attention_interface: Callable = ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS.get_interface(
            self.config._attn_implementation, eager_attention_forward
        )

        attn_output, attn_weights = attention_interface(
            self,
            query_states,
            key_states,
            value_states,
            attention_mask,
            dropout=0.0 if not self.training else self.attention_dropout,
            scaling=self.scaling,
            sliding_window=self.sliding_window if self.is_sliding else None,
            **kwargs,
        )

        attn_output = attn_output.reshape(*input_shape, -1).contiguous()
        attn_output = self.o_proj(attn_output)
        return attn_output, attn_weights


class Exaone4_5_DecoderLayer(GradientCheckpointingLayer):
    def __init__(self, config: Exaone4_5_Config, layer_idx: int):
        super().__init__()
        self.hidden_size = config.hidden_size
        self.self_attn = Exaone4_5_Attention(config=config, layer_idx=layer_idx)

        self.mlp = Exaone4_5_MLP(config)
        self.post_attention_layernorm = Exaone4_5_RMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
        self.post_feedforward_layernorm = Exaone4_5_RMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        position_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        past_key_values: Cache | None = None,
        use_cache: bool | None = False,
        position_embeddings: tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor] | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        residual = hidden_states
        hidden_states, _ = self.self_attn(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            past_key_values=past_key_values,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            position_embeddings=position_embeddings,
            **kwargs,
        )
        hidden_states = self.post_attention_layernorm(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states

        # Fully Connected
        residual = hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.mlp(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.post_feedforward_layernorm(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states
        return hidden_states


@auto_docstring
class Exaone4_5_PreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
    config: Exaone4_5_Config
    base_model_prefix = "model"
    supports_gradient_checkpointing = True
    _no_split_modules = ["Exaone4_5_VisionBlock", "Exaone4DecoderLayer"]
    _skip_keys_device_placement = ["past_key_values"]
    _supports_flash_attn = True
    _supports_sdpa = True
    _supports_flex_attn = True

    _can_compile_fullgraph = True
    _supports_attention_backend = True
    _can_record_outputs = {
        "hidden_states": Exaone4_5_DecoderLayer,
        "attentions": Exaone4_5_Attention,
    }
    config_class = Exaone4_5_Config
    _keys_to_ignore_on_load_unexpected = [r"mtp.*"]

    def _init_weights(self, module):
        super()._init_weights(module)
        if isinstance(module, Exaone4_5_VisionRotaryEmbedding):
            inv_freq = 1.0 / (module.theta ** (torch.arange(0, module.dim, 2, dtype=torch.float) / module.dim))
            init.copy_(module.inv_freq, inv_freq)


class Exaone4_5_VisionModel(Exaone4_5_PreTrainedModel):
    config: Exaone4_5_VisionConfig
    _no_split_modules = ["Exaone4_5_VisionBlock"]
    _input_embed_layer = "patch_embed"
    _can_record_outputs = {
        "hidden_states": Exaone4_5_VisionBlock,
        "attentions": Exaone4_5_VisionAttention,
    }
    config_class = Exaone4_5_VisionConfig

    def __init__(self, config: Exaone4_5_VisionConfig, *inputs, **kwargs) -> None:
        super().__init__(config, *inputs, **kwargs)
        self.spatial_merge_size = config.spatial_merge_size
        self.patch_size = config.patch_size
        self.fullatt_block_indexes = config.fullatt_block_indexes
        self.window_size = config.window_size
        self.spatial_merge_unit = self.spatial_merge_size * self.spatial_merge_size
        self.patch_embed = Exaone4_5_PatchEmbed(
            patch_size=config.patch_size,
            temporal_patch_size=config.temporal_patch_size,
            in_channels=config.in_channels,
            embed_dim=config.hidden_size,
        )
        head_dim = config.hidden_size // config.num_heads
        self.rotary_pos_emb = Exaone4_5_VisionRotaryEmbedding(head_dim // 2)
        self.blocks = nn.ModuleList([Exaone4_5_VisionBlock(config) for _ in range(config.depth)])
        self.merger = Exaone4_5_PatchMerger(
            dim=config.out_hidden_size,
            context_dim=config.hidden_size,
            spatial_merge_size=config.spatial_merge_size,
        )
        self.gradient_checkpointing = False

        self.post_init()

    def rot_pos_emb(self, grid_thw):
        pos_ids = []
        for t, h, w in grid_thw.tolist():
            hpos_ids = torch.arange(h).unsqueeze(1).expand(-1, w)
            hpos_ids = hpos_ids.reshape(
                h // self.spatial_merge_size,
                self.spatial_merge_size,
                w // self.spatial_merge_size,
                self.spatial_merge_size,
            )
            hpos_ids = hpos_ids.permute(0, 2, 1, 3)
            hpos_ids = hpos_ids.flatten()

            wpos_ids = torch.arange(w).unsqueeze(0).expand(h, -1)
            wpos_ids = wpos_ids.reshape(
                h // self.spatial_merge_size,
                self.spatial_merge_size,
                w // self.spatial_merge_size,
                self.spatial_merge_size,
            )
            wpos_ids = wpos_ids.permute(0, 2, 1, 3)
            wpos_ids = wpos_ids.flatten()
            pos_ids.append(torch.stack([hpos_ids, wpos_ids], dim=-1).repeat(t, 1))
        pos_ids = torch.cat(pos_ids, dim=0)
        max_grid_size = grid_thw[:, 1:].max()
        rotary_pos_emb_full = self.rotary_pos_emb(max_grid_size)
        rotary_pos_emb = rotary_pos_emb_full[pos_ids].flatten(1)
        return rotary_pos_emb

    def get_window_index(self, grid_thw):
        window_index: list = []
        cu_window_seqlens: list = [0]
        window_index_id = 0
        vit_merger_window_size = self.window_size // self.spatial_merge_size // self.patch_size
        grid_thw_list = grid_thw.tolist()

        for grid_t, grid_h, grid_w in grid_thw_list:
            llm_grid_h, llm_grid_w = (
                grid_h // self.spatial_merge_size,
                grid_w // self.spatial_merge_size,
            )
            index = torch.arange(grid_t * llm_grid_h * llm_grid_w).reshape(grid_t, llm_grid_h, llm_grid_w)
            pad_h = vit_merger_window_size - llm_grid_h % vit_merger_window_size
            pad_w = vit_merger_window_size - llm_grid_w % vit_merger_window_size
            num_windows_h = (llm_grid_h + pad_h) // vit_merger_window_size
            num_windows_w = (llm_grid_w + pad_w) // vit_merger_window_size
            index_padded = F.pad(index, (0, pad_w, 0, pad_h), "constant", -100)
            index_padded = index_padded.reshape(
                grid_t,
                num_windows_h,
                vit_merger_window_size,
                num_windows_w,
                vit_merger_window_size,
            )
            index_padded = index_padded.permute(0, 1, 3, 2, 4).reshape(
                grid_t,
                num_windows_h * num_windows_w,
                vit_merger_window_size,
                vit_merger_window_size,
            )
            seqlens = (index_padded != -100).sum([2, 3]).reshape(-1)
            index_padded = index_padded.reshape(-1)
            index_new = index_padded[index_padded != -100]
            window_index.append(index_new + window_index_id)
            cu_seqlens_tmp = seqlens.cumsum(0) * self.spatial_merge_unit + cu_window_seqlens[-1]
            cu_window_seqlens.extend(cu_seqlens_tmp.tolist())
            window_index_id += grid_t * llm_grid_h * llm_grid_w
        window_index = torch.cat(window_index, dim=0)

        return window_index, cu_window_seqlens

    @merge_with_config_defaults
    @capture_outputs
    def forward(
        self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, grid_thw: torch.Tensor, **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs]
    ) -> tuple | BaseModelOutputWithPooling:
        """
        Args:
            hidden_states (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(seq_len, hidden_size)`):
                The final hidden states of the model.
            grid_thw (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(num_images_or_videos, 3)`):
                The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each image in LLM.

        Returns:
            `torch.Tensor`: hidden_states.
        """
        hidden_states = self.patch_embed(hidden_states)
        rotary_pos_emb = self.rot_pos_emb(grid_thw)
        window_index, cu_window_seqlens = self.get_window_index(grid_thw)
        cu_window_seqlens = torch.tensor(
            cu_window_seqlens,
            device=hidden_states.device,
            dtype=grid_thw.dtype if torch.jit.is_tracing() else torch.int32,
        )
        cu_window_seqlens = torch.unique_consecutive(cu_window_seqlens)

        seq_len, _ = hidden_states.size()
        hidden_states = hidden_states.reshape(seq_len // self.spatial_merge_unit, self.spatial_merge_unit, -1)
        hidden_states = hidden_states[window_index, :, :]
        hidden_states = hidden_states.reshape(seq_len, -1)
        rotary_pos_emb = rotary_pos_emb.reshape(seq_len // self.spatial_merge_unit, self.spatial_merge_unit, -1)
        rotary_pos_emb = rotary_pos_emb[window_index, :, :]
        rotary_pos_emb = rotary_pos_emb.reshape(seq_len, -1)
        emb = torch.cat((rotary_pos_emb, rotary_pos_emb), dim=-1)
        position_embeddings = (emb.cos(), emb.sin())

        cu_seqlens = torch.repeat_interleave(grid_thw[:, 1] * grid_thw[:, 2], grid_thw[:, 0]).cumsum(
            dim=0,
            # Select dtype based on the following factors:
            #  - FA2 requires that cu_seqlens_q must have dtype int32
            #  - torch.onnx.export requires that cu_seqlens_q must have same dtype as grid_thw
            # See https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/34852 for more information
            dtype=grid_thw.dtype if torch.jit.is_tracing() else torch.int32,
        )
        cu_seqlens = F.pad(cu_seqlens, (1, 0), value=0)

        for layer_num, blk in enumerate(self.blocks):
            if layer_num in self.fullatt_block_indexes:
                cu_seqlens_now = cu_seqlens
            else:
                cu_seqlens_now = cu_window_seqlens

            hidden_states = blk(
                hidden_states,
                cu_seqlens=cu_seqlens_now,
                position_embeddings=position_embeddings,
                **kwargs,
            )

        merged_hidden_states = self.merger(hidden_states)
        reverse_indices = torch.argsort(window_index)
        merged_hidden_states = merged_hidden_states[reverse_indices, :]

        return BaseModelOutputWithPooling(
            last_hidden_state=hidden_states,
            pooler_output=merged_hidden_states,
        )


@auto_docstring
class Exaone4_5_Model(Exaone4_5_PreTrainedModel):
    base_model_prefix = "model"
    # Reference: fix gemma3 grad acc #37208
    accepts_loss_kwargs = False
    config: Exaone4_5_Config
    _no_split_modules = ["Exaone4_5_DecoderLayer", "Exaone4_5_VisionBlock"]

    def __init__(self, config: Exaone4_5_Config):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.visual = Exaone4_5_VisionModel._from_config(config.vision_config)
        self.language_model = AutoModel.from_config(config.text_config)
        self.rope_deltas = None  # cache rope_deltas here

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    def get_input_embeddings(self):
        return self.language_model.get_input_embeddings()

    def set_input_embeddings(self, value):
        self.language_model.set_input_embeddings(value)

    def get_vision_position_ids(
        self,
        start_position: int,
        grid_thw: list[int, int, int] | torch.Tensor,
        temp_merge_size: int = 1,
        spatial_merge_size: int = 1,
        time_interval: int = 1,
        device: str | torch.device | None = None,
    ):
        """
        Compute 3D positional indices for vision tokens derived from a single image or video input.

        The positions are generated from the input grid defined by temporal (T), height (H), and
        width (W) dimensions. Temporal and spatial dimensions can be downscaled according to the
        merge sizes used in the vision backbone. The resulting positions are offset by `start_position`.

        Args:
            start_position (`int`):
                Offset added to all computed positional indices.
            grid_thw (`Sequence[int]` or `torch.Tensor` of shape `(3,)`):
                The (T, H, W) grid representing the feature layout of the current image or video after patch embedding.
            temp_merge_size (`int`, *optional*):
                Factor by which the temporal dimension is reduced in the backbone. The temporal grid size is divided
                by this value. Defaults to 1.
            spatial_merge_size (`int`, *optional*):
                Factor by which the spatial dimensions (H and W) are reduced in the backbone. Both H and W are divided
                by this value. Defaults to 1.
            time_interval (`int`, *optional*):
                Spacing factor applied between consecutive temporal position indices.Defaults to 1.
            device (`str` or `torch.device`, *optional*):
                Device on which the resulting tensor is allocated. If `None`, uses the current default device.

        Returns:
            torch.LongTensor of shape (3, sequence_length):
                Positional indices for temporal, height, and width dimensions,
                flattened into sequence form and offset by `start_position`.
        """
        llm_grid_t, llm_grid_h, llm_grid_w = (
            grid_thw[0].item() // temp_merge_size,
            grid_thw[1].item() // spatial_merge_size,
            grid_thw[2].item() // spatial_merge_size,
        )

        # Add `start_position` after arange for compile
        position_temporal = torch.arange(llm_grid_t, device=device) * time_interval
        position_width = torch.arange(llm_grid_w, device=device) + start_position
        position_height = torch.arange(llm_grid_h, device=device) + start_position

        # Repeat the positions per each grid and per video frame. Repeat patterns are important
        # do not modify without checking values!
        position_width = position_width.repeat(llm_grid_h * llm_grid_t)
        position_height = position_height.repeat_interleave(llm_grid_w).repeat(llm_grid_t)
        # Important: add `start_positions` after applying `time_interval`, order matters
        position_temporal = position_temporal.repeat_interleave(llm_grid_h * llm_grid_w) + start_position
        vision_position_ids = torch.stack([position_temporal, position_height, position_width], dim=0)

        return vision_position_ids

    def get_rope_index(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor,
        mm_token_type_ids: torch.IntTensor,
        image_grid_thw: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        video_grid_thw: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        second_per_grid_ts: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        """
        Calculate the 3D rope index based on image and video's sizes. The utility expects a `vision + text`
        sequence and will error out otherwise. For pure text sequence, please rely on model's auto-inferred
        position ids. In a mixed vision + text sequence, vision tokens use 3D RoPE (temporal, height, width)
        while text tokens use standard 1D RoPE.

        Example:
            Temporal patches: 3; Height patches: 2; Width patches: 2
            Each vision input results in (temporal x height × width) positions. Here: 3 x 2 × 2 = 12 positions total.

            Temporal position IDs are spaced by:
                `interval = tokens_per_second * temporal_patch_size / fps`

                If fps = 1; tokens_per_second = 25; temporal_patch_size = 2, temporal IDs increase by 50 for each temporal patch:
                `[0, 0, 0, 0, 50, 50, 50, 50, 100, 100, 100, 100]`

            Height IDs repeat per row: `[0, 0, 1, 1, ...]`
            Width IDs alternate per column: `[0, 1, 0, 1, ...]`
            Text tokens follow standard 1D RoPE and the position IDs grow consequently with a step of `1`

        Args:
            input_ids (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`):
                Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary. Padding will be ignored by default should you provide
                it.
            mm_token_type_ids (`torch.IntTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`):
                Token type ids matching each modality to a different value in the input sequence, i.e. text (0), image (1), video (2).
            image_grid_thw (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_images, 3)`, *optional*):
                The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each image in LLM.
            video_grid_thw (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_videos, 3)`, *optional*):
                The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each video in LLM.
            second_per_grid_ts (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(num_videos)`, *optional*):
                The time interval (in seconds) for each grid along the temporal dimension in the 3D position IDs.
            attention_mask (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`, *optional*):
                Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in `[0, 1]`:

                - 1 for tokens that are **not masked**,
                - 0 for tokens that are **masked**.

        Returns:
            position_ids (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(3, batch_size, sequence_length)`)
            mrope_position_deltas (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(batch_size)`)
        """
        spatial_merge_size = self.config.vision_config.spatial_merge_size
        tokens_per_second = self.config.vision_config.tokens_per_second

        mrope_position_deltas = []
        position_ids = torch.zeros(
            3,
            input_ids.shape[0],
            input_ids.shape[1],
            dtype=input_ids.dtype,
            device=input_ids.device,
        )
        grid_iters = {
            1: iter(image_grid_thw) if image_grid_thw is not None else None,
            2: iter(video_grid_thw) if video_grid_thw is not None else None,
        }
        second_per_grid_ts = (
            iter(second_per_grid_ts) if second_per_grid_ts is not None else iter([1] * input_ids.shape[1])
        )
        for batch_idx, current_input_ids in enumerate(input_ids):
            input_token_type = mm_token_type_ids[batch_idx]
            if attention_mask is not None:
                current_input_ids = current_input_ids[attention_mask[batch_idx].bool()]
                input_token_type = input_token_type[attention_mask[batch_idx].bool()]

            input_type_group = []
            for key, group in itertools.groupby(enumerate(input_token_type.tolist()), lambda x: x[1]):
                group = list(group)
                start_index = group[0][0]
                end_index = group[-1][0] + 1
                input_type_group.append((key, start_index, end_index))

            current_pos = 0
            llm_pos_ids_list = []
            for modality_type, start_idx, end_idx in input_type_group:
                # text == 0
                if modality_type == 0:
                    text_len = end_idx - start_idx
                    llm_pos_ids_list.append(
                        torch.arange(text_len, device=input_ids.device).view(1, -1).expand(3, -1) + current_pos
                    )
                    current_pos += text_len
                # image == 1, video == 2
                else:
                    grid_thw = next(grid_iters[modality_type])
                    # Only apply temporal scaling for videos; still images have no
                    # temporal dimension to space out (fixes #45325).
                    if modality_type == 2:
                        time_interval = tokens_per_second * int(next(second_per_grid_ts))
                    else:
                        time_interval = 1
                    vision_position_ids = self.get_vision_position_ids(
                        current_pos, grid_thw, 1, spatial_merge_size, time_interval, device=input_ids.device
                    )
                    llm_pos_ids_list.append(vision_position_ids)
                    current_pos += max(grid_thw[1], grid_thw[2]) // spatial_merge_size
            llm_positions = torch.cat(llm_pos_ids_list, dim=1).reshape(3, -1)
            if attention_mask is not None:
                position_ids[:, batch_idx, attention_mask[batch_idx].bool()] = llm_positions.to(position_ids.device)
            else:
                position_ids[:, batch_idx] = llm_positions.to(position_ids.device)
            mrope_position_deltas.append(llm_positions.max() + 1 - len(current_input_ids))
        mrope_position_deltas = torch.tensor(mrope_position_deltas, device=input_ids.device).unsqueeze(1)
        return position_ids, mrope_position_deltas

    @can_return_tuple
    @auto_docstring
    def get_video_features(
        self,
        pixel_values_videos: torch.FloatTensor,
        video_grid_thw: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple | BaseModelOutputWithPooling:
        r"""
        pixel_values_videos (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, image_size, image_size)`):
            The tensors corresponding to the input videos.
        video_grid_thw (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_videos, 3)`, *optional*):
            The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each video in LLM.
        """
        pixel_values_videos = pixel_values_videos.type(self.visual.dtype)
        vision_outputs = self.visual(pixel_values_videos, grid_thw=video_grid_thw, **kwargs)
        split_sizes = (video_grid_thw.prod(-1) // self.visual.spatial_merge_size**2).tolist()
        video_embeds = torch.split(vision_outputs.pooler_output, split_sizes)
        vision_outputs.pooler_output = video_embeds

        return vision_outputs

    @can_return_tuple
    @auto_docstring
    def get_image_features(
        self,
        pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor,
        image_grid_thw: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple | BaseModelOutputWithPooling:
        r"""
        pixel_values (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, image_size, image_size)`):
            The tensors corresponding to the input images.
        image_grid_thw (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_images, 3)`, *optional*):
            The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each image in LLM.
        """
        pixel_values = pixel_values.type(self.visual.dtype)
        vision_outputs = self.visual(pixel_values, grid_thw=image_grid_thw, **kwargs)
        split_sizes = (image_grid_thw.prod(-1) // self.visual.spatial_merge_size**2).tolist()
        image_embeds = torch.split(vision_outputs.pooler_output, split_sizes)
        vision_outputs.pooler_output = image_embeds

        return vision_outputs

    def get_placeholder_mask(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor,
        inputs_embeds: torch.FloatTensor,
        image_features: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        video_features: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
    ):
        """
        Obtains multimodal placeholder mask from `input_ids` or `inputs_embeds`, and checks that the placeholder token count is
        equal to the length of multimodal features. If the lengths are different, an error is raised.
        """
        if input_ids is None:
            special_image_mask = inputs_embeds == self.get_input_embeddings()(
                torch.tensor(self.config.image_token_id, dtype=torch.long, device=inputs_embeds.device)
            )
            special_image_mask = special_image_mask.all(-1)
            special_video_mask = inputs_embeds == self.get_input_embeddings()(
                torch.tensor(self.config.video_token_id, dtype=torch.long, device=inputs_embeds.device)
            )
            special_video_mask = special_video_mask.all(-1)
        else:
            special_image_mask = input_ids == self.config.image_token_id
            special_video_mask = input_ids == self.config.video_token_id

        n_image_tokens = special_image_mask.sum()
        special_image_mask = special_image_mask.unsqueeze(-1).expand_as(inputs_embeds).to(inputs_embeds.device)
        if image_features is not None:
            torch_compilable_check(
                inputs_embeds[special_image_mask].numel() == image_features.numel(),
                f"Image features and image tokens do not match, tokens: {n_image_tokens}, features: {image_features.shape[0]}",
            )

        n_video_tokens = special_video_mask.sum()
        special_video_mask = special_video_mask.unsqueeze(-1).expand_as(inputs_embeds).to(inputs_embeds.device)
        if video_features is not None:
            torch_compilable_check(
                inputs_embeds[special_video_mask].numel() == video_features.numel(),
                f"Video features and video tokens do not match, tokens: {n_video_tokens}, features: {video_features.shape[0]}",
            )
        return special_image_mask, special_video_mask

    def compute_3d_position_ids(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.Tensor | None,
        image_grid_thw: torch.Tensor | None,
        video_grid_thw: torch.Tensor | None,
        inputs_embeds: torch.Tensor | None,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None,
        past_key_values: torch.Tensor | None,
        second_per_grid_ts: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        mm_token_type_ids: torch.IntTensor | None = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor | None:
        past_key_values_length = 0 if past_key_values is None else past_key_values.get_seq_length()
        can_compute_mrope = (
            input_ids is not None
            and mm_token_type_ids is not None
            and (image_grid_thw is not None or video_grid_thw is not None)
        )

        if can_compute_mrope and (self.rope_deltas is None or past_key_values_length == 0):
            position_ids, rope_deltas = self.get_rope_index(
                input_ids,
                image_grid_thw=image_grid_thw,
                video_grid_thw=video_grid_thw,
                attention_mask=attention_mask,
                second_per_grid_ts=second_per_grid_ts,
                mm_token_type_ids=mm_token_type_ids,
            )
            self.rope_deltas = rope_deltas
        # Use pre-calculated rope-deltas to infer correct 3D position ids during incremental
        # generation (past_key_values_length > 0) or when only inputs_embeds is provided (no input_ids
        # to recompute from). Skip when input_ids is provided without past_key_values to avoid shape
        # mismatches from stale rope_deltas (e.g., training forward pass after generation).
        elif self.rope_deltas is not None and (past_key_values_length > 0 or input_ids is None):
            batch_size, seq_length, _ = inputs_embeds.shape
            if attention_mask is not None:
                position_ids = attention_mask.long().cumsum(-1) - 1
                position_ids = position_ids.masked_fill(attention_mask == 0, 0)
                position_ids = position_ids.view(1, batch_size, -1).repeat(3, 1, 1).to(inputs_embeds.device)
            else:
                position_ids = torch.arange(past_key_values_length, past_key_values_length + seq_length)
                position_ids = position_ids.view(1, 1, -1).expand(3, batch_size, -1).to(inputs_embeds.device)
            delta = self.rope_deltas.repeat_interleave(batch_size // self.rope_deltas.shape[0], dim=0)
            position_ids = position_ids + delta.to(device=position_ids.device)
        else:
            # Can't build correct 3D positions. Let the model infer it
            position_ids = None
        return position_ids

    @can_return_tuple
    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        position_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        past_key_values: Cache | None = None,
        inputs_embeds: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        use_cache: bool | None = None,
        pixel_values: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        pixel_values_videos: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        image_grid_thw: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        video_grid_thw: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        second_per_grid_ts: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple | BaseModelOutputWithPast:
        r"""
        image_grid_thw (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_images, 3)`, *optional*):
            The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each image in LLM.
        video_grid_thw (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_videos, 3)`, *optional*):
            The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each video in LLM.
        second_per_grid_ts (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(num_videos)`, *optional*):
            The time interval (in seconds) for each grid along the temporal dimension in the 3D position IDs.
        """
        if (input_ids is None) ^ (inputs_embeds is not None):
            raise ValueError("You must specify exactly one of input_ids or inputs_embeds")

        if inputs_embeds is None:
            inputs_embeds = self.get_input_embeddings()(input_ids)

        if pixel_values is not None:
            image_embeds = self.get_image_features(pixel_values, image_grid_thw).pooler_output
            image_embeds = torch.cat(image_embeds, dim=0).to(inputs_embeds.device, inputs_embeds.dtype)
            image_mask, _ = self.get_placeholder_mask(
                input_ids, inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds, image_features=image_embeds
            )
            inputs_embeds = inputs_embeds.masked_scatter(image_mask, image_embeds)

        if pixel_values_videos is not None:
            video_embeds = self.get_video_features(pixel_values_videos, video_grid_thw).pooler_output
            video_embeds = torch.cat(video_embeds, dim=0).to(inputs_embeds.device, inputs_embeds.dtype)
            _, video_mask = self.get_placeholder_mask(
                input_ids, inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds, video_features=video_embeds
            )
            inputs_embeds = inputs_embeds.masked_scatter(video_mask, video_embeds)

        # Differ from Qwen: EXAONE 4.5 vision encoder uses 2D rotary positional embeddings (2D-RoPE)
        if position_ids is None:
            past_seen_tokens = past_key_values.get_seq_length() if past_key_values is not None else 0
            position_ids = torch.arange(inputs_embeds.shape[1], device=inputs_embeds.device) + past_seen_tokens
            position_ids = position_ids.unsqueeze(0)

        outputs = self.language_model(
            input_ids=None,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            past_key_values=past_key_values,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            **kwargs,
        )

        return BaseModelOutputWithPast(
            last_hidden_state=outputs.last_hidden_state,
            past_key_values=outputs.past_key_values,
            hidden_states=outputs.hidden_states,
            attentions=outputs.attentions,
        )


class Exaone4_5_ForConditionalGeneration(Exaone4_5_PreTrainedModel, GenerationMixin):
    """
    Main EXAONE 4.5 conditional generation class.

    Note: Unlike Qwen2VL, the EXAONE 4.5 vision encoder uses 2D rotary positional embeddings (2D-RoPE)
    and adopts a Grouped Query Attention (GQA) structure throughout the multimodal stack.
    """

    _tied_weights_keys = {"lm_head.weight": "model.language_model.embed_tokens.weight"}
    # Reference: fix gemma3 grad acc #37208
    accepts_loss_kwargs = False

    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.model = Exaone4_5_Model(config)
        self.lm_head = nn.Linear(config.text_config.hidden_size, config.text_config.vocab_size, bias=False)

        self.post_init()

    def get_input_embeddings(self):
        return self.model.get_input_embeddings()

    def set_input_embeddings(self, value):
        self.model.set_input_embeddings(value)

    @auto_docstring
    def get_video_features(
        self,
        pixel_values_videos: torch.FloatTensor,
        video_grid_thw: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple | BaseModelOutputWithPooling:
        r"""
        pixel_values_videos (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, image_size, image_size)`):
            The tensors corresponding to the input videos.
        video_grid_thw (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_videos, 3)`, *optional*):
            The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each video in LLM.
        """
        return self.model.get_video_features(
            pixel_values_videos=pixel_values_videos, video_grid_thw=video_grid_thw, **kwargs
        )

    @auto_docstring
    def get_image_features(
        self,
        pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor,
        image_grid_thw: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple | BaseModelOutputWithPooling:
        r"""
        pixel_values (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, image_size, image_size)`):
            The tensors corresponding to the input images.
        image_grid_thw (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_images, 3)`, *optional*):
            The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each image in LLM.
        """
        return self.model.get_image_features(pixel_values=pixel_values, image_grid_thw=image_grid_thw, **kwargs)

    @can_return_tuple
    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        position_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        past_key_values: Cache | None = None,
        inputs_embeds: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        labels: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        use_cache: bool | None = None,
        pixel_values: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        pixel_values_videos: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        image_grid_thw: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        video_grid_thw: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        second_per_grid_ts: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        logits_to_keep: int | torch.Tensor = 0,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple | CausalLMOutputWithPast:
        r"""
        labels (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`, *optional*):
            Labels for computing the masked language modeling loss. Indices should either be in `[0, ...,
            config.vocab_size]` or -100 (see `input_ids` docstring). Tokens with indices set to `-100` are ignored
            (masked), the loss is only computed for the tokens with labels in `[0, ..., config.vocab_size]`.
        image_grid_thw (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_images, 3)`, *optional*):
            The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each image in LLM.
        video_grid_thw (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(num_videos, 3)`, *optional*):
            The temporal, height and width of feature shape of each video in LLM.
        second_per_grid_ts (`torch.Tensor` of shape `(num_videos)`, *optional*):
            The time interval (in seconds) for each grid along the temporal dimension in the 3D position IDs.

        Example:

        ```python
        >>> from transformers import AutoProcessor, Exaone4_5_ForConditionalGeneration
        >>> import torch

        >>> model = Exaone4_5_ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("LGAI-EXAONE/EXAONE-4.5-33B")
        >>> processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("LGAI-EXAONE/EXAONE-4.5-33B")

        >>> messages = [
        ...     {
        ...         "role": "user",
        ...         "content": [
        ...             {"type": "image", "image": "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/pipeline-cat-chonk.jpeg"},
        ...             {"type": "text", "text": "Describe the image."},
        ...         ],
        ...     }
        ... ]
        >>> inputs = processor.apply_chat_template(
        ...     messages, tokenize=True, add_generation_prompt=True, return_dict=True, return_tensors="pt"
        ... )
        >>> inputs = {k: v.to(model.device) if isinstance(v, torch.Tensor) else v for k, v in inputs.items()}
        >>> generated_ids = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=64)
        ```
        """
        outputs = self.model(
            input_ids=input_ids,
            pixel_values=pixel_values,
            pixel_values_videos=pixel_values_videos,
            image_grid_thw=image_grid_thw,
            video_grid_thw=video_grid_thw,
            second_per_grid_ts=second_per_grid_ts,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            past_key_values=past_key_values,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            **kwargs,
        )

        hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state
        slice_indices = slice(-logits_to_keep, None) if isinstance(logits_to_keep, int) else logits_to_keep
        logits = self.lm_head(hidden_states[:, slice_indices, :])

        loss = None
        if labels is not None:
            loss = self.loss_function(
                logits=logits, labels=labels, vocab_size=self.config.text_config.vocab_size, **kwargs
            )

        return CausalLMOutputWithPast(
            loss=loss,
            logits=logits,
            past_key_values=outputs.past_key_values,
            hidden_states=outputs.hidden_states,
            attentions=outputs.attentions,
        )

    def prepare_inputs_for_generation(
        self,
        input_ids,
        past_key_values=None,
        attention_mask=None,
        inputs_embeds=None,
        position_ids=None,
        use_cache=True,
        pixel_values=None,
        pixel_values_videos=None,
        image_grid_thw=None,
        video_grid_thw=None,
        second_per_grid_ts=None,
        is_first_iteration=False,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        model_inputs = super().prepare_inputs_for_generation(
            input_ids,
            past_key_values=past_key_values,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            pixel_values=pixel_values,
            pixel_values_videos=pixel_values_videos,
            image_grid_thw=image_grid_thw,
            video_grid_thw=video_grid_thw,
            second_per_grid_ts=second_per_grid_ts,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            is_first_iteration=is_first_iteration,
            **kwargs,
        )
        # Force recomputation of 2D-RoPE and ignore rope_deltas
        model_inputs["position_ids"] = None
        if not is_first_iteration and use_cache:
            model_inputs["pixel_values"] = None
            model_inputs["pixel_values_videos"] = None
        return model_inputs

    def _prepare_position_ids_for_generation(self, inputs_tensor, model_kwargs):
        # Overwritten -- requires 3D position ids

        text_positions = super()._prepare_position_ids_for_generation(inputs_tensor, model_kwargs)

        # Early exit in case we are continuing generation from past kv
        past_length = 0
        if (cache := model_kwargs.get("past_key_values")) is not None:
            past_length = cache.get_seq_length()
        if past_length != 0 and self.model.rope_deltas is not None:
            position_ids = text_positions[None, ...] + self.model.rope_deltas
            return position_ids

        # Otherwise compute 3d position ids for vision tokens and concat with text position ids
        if "input_ids" in model_kwargs and model_kwargs["input_ids"].shape[1] > 0:
            inputs_tensor = model_kwargs["input_ids"]

        is_input_ids = len(inputs_tensor.shape) == 2 and inputs_tensor.dtype in [torch.int, torch.long]
        if (
            is_input_ids
            and model_kwargs.get("mm_token_type_ids") is not None
            and (model_kwargs.get("image_grid_thw") is not None or model_kwargs.get("video_grid_thw") is not None)
        ):
            model_kwargs = {k: v for k, v in model_kwargs.items() if k != "input_ids"}
            vision_positions, rope_deltas = self.model.get_rope_index(inputs_tensor, **model_kwargs)
            self.model.rope_deltas = rope_deltas
        else:
            vision_positions = text_positions.unsqueeze(0).expand(3, -1, -1)
            self.model.rope_deltas = torch.zeros(
                inputs_tensor.shape[0], 1, dtype=torch.long, device=inputs_tensor.device
            )

        # Concatenate "text + vision" positions into [4, bs, seq-len]
        text_positions = text_positions[None, ...]
        position_ids = torch.cat([text_positions, vision_positions], dim=0)

        return position_ids

    def _get_image_nums_and_video_nums(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor | None,
        inputs_embeds: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        """
        Returns per-sample counts of image and video placeholder tokens.

        If `inputs_embeds` are provided, placeholder positions are inferred by comparing against
        the embedding vectors of `image_token_id` and `video_token_id`. Otherwise, counts are
        computed directly from `input_ids`.
        """
        image_token_id = self.config.image_token_id
        video_token_id = self.config.video_token_id

        if inputs_embeds is not None:
            image_mask = (
                inputs_embeds
                == self.get_input_embeddings()(
                    torch.tensor(image_token_id, dtype=torch.long, device=inputs_embeds.device)
                )
            )[..., 0]
            video_mask = (
                inputs_embeds
                == self.get_input_embeddings()(
                    torch.tensor(video_token_id, dtype=torch.long, device=inputs_embeds.device)
                )
            )[..., 0]
        else:
            image_mask = input_ids == image_token_id
            video_mask = input_ids == video_token_id

        image_nums = torch.sum(image_mask, dim=1)
        video_nums = torch.sum(video_mask, dim=1)

        return image_nums, video_nums

    def _expand_inputs_for_generation(
        self,
        expand_size: int = 1,
        is_encoder_decoder: bool = False,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        **model_kwargs,
    ) -> tuple[torch.LongTensor, dict[str, Any]]:
        # Overwritten -- Support for expanding tensors without a batch size dimension
        # e.g., pixel_values, image_grid_thw, pixel_values_videos, video_grid_thw, second_per_grid_t
        # pixel_values.shape[0] is sum(seqlen_images for samples)
        # image_grid_thw.shape[0] is sum(num_images for samples)

        if expand_size == 1:
            return input_ids, model_kwargs

        visual_keys = ["pixel_values", "image_grid_thw", "pixel_values_videos", "video_grid_thw", "second_per_grid_ts"]

        def _expand_dict_for_generation_visual(dict_to_expand):
            image_grid_thw = model_kwargs.get("image_grid_thw", None)
            video_grid_thw = model_kwargs.get("video_grid_thw", None)
            image_nums, video_nums = self._get_image_nums_and_video_nums(
                input_ids, inputs_embeds=model_kwargs.get("inputs_embeds", None)
            )

            def _repeat_interleave_samples(x, lengths, repeat_times):
                samples = torch.split(x, lengths)
                repeat_args = [repeat_times] + [1] * (x.dim() - 1)
                result = torch.cat([sample.repeat(*repeat_args) for sample in samples], dim=0)
                return result

            for key in dict_to_expand:
                if key == "pixel_values":
                    # split images into samples
                    samples = torch.split(image_grid_thw, list(image_nums))
                    # compute the sequence length of images for each sample
                    lengths = [torch.prod(sample, dim=1).sum() for sample in samples]
                    dict_to_expand[key] = _repeat_interleave_samples(
                        dict_to_expand[key], lengths=lengths, repeat_times=expand_size
                    )
                elif key == "image_grid_thw":
                    # get the num of images for each sample
                    lengths = list(image_nums)
                    dict_to_expand[key] = _repeat_interleave_samples(
                        dict_to_expand[key], lengths=lengths, repeat_times=expand_size
                    )
                elif key == "pixel_values_videos":
                    samples = torch.split(video_grid_thw, list(video_nums))
                    lengths = [torch.prod(sample, dim=1).sum() for sample in samples]
                    dict_to_expand[key] = _repeat_interleave_samples(
                        dict_to_expand[key], lengths=lengths, repeat_times=expand_size
                    )
                elif key == "video_grid_thw":
                    lengths = list(video_nums)
                    dict_to_expand[key] = _repeat_interleave_samples(
                        dict_to_expand[key], lengths=lengths, repeat_times=expand_size
                    )
                elif key == "second_per_grid_ts":
                    dict_to_expand[key] = _repeat_interleave_samples(
                        dict_to_expand[key], lengths=list(video_nums), repeat_times=expand_size
                    )
            return dict_to_expand

        def _expand_dict_for_generation(dict_to_expand):
            for key in dict_to_expand:
                if key == "position_ids" and dict_to_expand[key].ndim == 3:
                    dict_to_expand[key] = dict_to_expand[key].repeat_interleave(expand_size, dim=1)
                elif (
                    dict_to_expand[key] is not None
                    and isinstance(dict_to_expand[key], torch.Tensor)
                    and key not in visual_keys
                ):
                    dict_to_expand[key] = dict_to_expand[key].repeat_interleave(expand_size, dim=0)
            return dict_to_expand

        model_kwargs = _expand_dict_for_generation_visual(model_kwargs)

        if input_ids is not None:
            input_ids = input_ids.repeat_interleave(expand_size, dim=0)

        model_kwargs = _expand_dict_for_generation(model_kwargs)

        if is_encoder_decoder:
            if model_kwargs.get("encoder_outputs") is None:
                raise ValueError("If `is_encoder_decoder` is True, make sure that `encoder_outputs` is defined.")
            model_kwargs["encoder_outputs"] = _expand_dict_for_generation(model_kwargs["encoder_outputs"])

        return input_ids, model_kwargs


__all__ = [
    "Exaone4_5_ForConditionalGeneration",
    "Exaone4_5_Model",
    "Exaone4_5_PreTrainedModel",
    "Exaone4_5_VisionModel",
]